Chamaecyparis pisifera (Sawara cypress or Sawara Japanese: sawara, romanized: Sawara) is a species of false cypress, native to central and southern Japan, on the islands of Honshu and Kyushu.
Contents
- 1 Description
- 2 Uses
- 3 Products
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Description
It is a slow-growing coniferous tree growing to 35-50 m tall with a trunk up to 2 m in diameter. The bark is red-brown, vertically fissured and with a stringy texture. The leaves are laid in flat sprays. Adult leaves are 1.5-2 mm in length and have pointed tips, which is different from the blunt tips of the Chamaecyparis Obtusa (hinoki Cypress)). They are green above and green below, with a white band at the base. The juvenile leaves, found on young seedlings, are needle-like, 4-8 mm long, soft and glaucous bluish-green. The cones are globose, 4-8 mm diameter, with 6-10 scales arranged in opposite pairs, maturing in autumn about 7-8 months after pollination.
A related cypress found on Taiwan, Chamaecyparis formosensis (Formosan cypress), differs in longer ovoid cones 6-10 mm long with 10-16 scales. The extinct Eocene species Chamaecyparis eureka, known from fossils found on Axel Heiberg Island in Canada, is noted to be very similar to C. pisifera.
Uses
Timber
It is grown for its timber in Japan, where it is used as a material for building palaces, temples, shrines and baths, and making coffins, though less valued than the timber of C. obtusa. It is light-colored, lemon-scented, and has a straight grain. It is resistant to rot.
Ornamental
It is also a popular ornamental tree in parks and gardens, both in Japan and elsewhere in temperate climates including western Europe and parts of North America. A large number of cultivars have been selected for garden planting, including dwarf forms, forms with yellow or blue-green leaves, and forms retaining the juvenile needle-like foliage; particularly popular juvenile foliage cultivars include ‘Plumosa’, ‘Squarrosa’ and ‘Boulevard’.
In cultivation in the UK the following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017):
Last update on 2022-01-29. Price and availability of products may change.